Today microphysics deals with atoms and its constituents: elementary particles and sub-particles. Despite that quantum mechanics has greatly challenged
the actual reality (and therefore even the very existence) of such a conception.
In our journey through the universe of smaller meanders through a historical and informative, we show what are the current philosophical and scientific controversies that opposed the positivist theories on the one hand and on the other the so-called neo-realist turn in recent years.